Are you wondering what wood can be used for outside decking? The right decking can turn a garden into a more useful outdoor space for relaxing, dining, furniture, and socialising with family and friends. A well planned wooden deck can also extend your living space and help create a perfect spot for outdoor use all year round.
When choosing decking, it is important to compare wood types, cost, durability, maintenance requirements, appearance, and how well each option can handle the weather in the UK. Some boards are more budget friendly, while others are expensive but extremely durable and long lasting. This guide will explore the best wood, the main wood types, and a few alternatives such as composite decking, so you can make the right choice for your next decking project or outdoor project.
Which Wood Is Best for Outdoor Decking?
The best wood for decking depends on your budget, the look you want, and how much maintenance you are happy to do. Some people choose softwood decking because it is affordable and easy to find. Others prefer hardwood decking for its natural beauty, strength, and longevity. Composite decking is also a popular choice for homeowners searching for low maintenance boards for outdoor areas.
There is no single best wood for every project. Instead, the best materials will depend on your space, climate, and the level of upkeep you can handle. The most common options include pressure treated pine, cedar, redwood, oak, teak, IPE, larch, and composite decking.
Popular Wood Types for Decking
Pressure Treated Pine:
Pressure treated pine is one of the most widely used decking materials in the world. It is a softwood from coniferous trees, and it is often seen as a budget friendly option for a decking project because the price is lower than many hardwood options. Pressure treated pine is put through a treatment process where chemicals are forced into the timber to help it resist rot, decay, insects, moisture, and pests.
Because it is pressure treated, pine is suitable for outdoor use and can offer good durability at a lower cost. Pressure treated wood is also easy to install, easy to cut to length, and widely available in a wide range of boards, sizes, and profiles. For many homeowners, pressure treated pine is the best wood when budget is the biggest factor.
Even so, pressure treated pine still needs maintenance. To maintain a wooden deck made from pine, it is a good idea to clean it with soapy water, allow air to move around the boards, and keep up with sealing and staining. Without proper care, even treated timber can suffer damage, warping, splitting, or discolouration over time. Pressure treated pine can be a good option, but it usually has higher maintenance requirements than composite decking and some hardwood decking species.
Cedar:
Cedar is one of the most popular wood types for decking, and there is good reason for that. Cedar is naturally resistant to rot, decay, insects, and moisture because it contains natural oils. These natural oils give cedar a natural resistance that helps it stand up to the elements without heavy chemical treatment.
Cedar decking is known for its warm colour, attractive grain pattern, and natural beauty. It can suit both rustic and polished garden designs, and it is often chosen for a beautiful decking finish that feels soft and natural under hand and foot. Cedar is also lighter than many hardwood options, which can make building and installation easier.
In terms of durability, cedar offers good durability rather than the high durability of tropical hardwoods like Ipe or teak. It still needs regular maintenance, including sealing, staining, and cleaning, to prevent damage and keep its appearance. Over time, cedar can change to a silvery colour in the sun, which some people love. Others choose staining to maintain a richer look.
For homeowners who want wood decking with natural beauty, cedar remains a popular choice and one of the best wood options for outdoor use.
redwood:
Redwood is another softwood decking material that is widely used for decking boards. Like cedar, redwood is naturally resistant to insects, rot, and decay because of its natural oils and tannins. It has a rich appearance, a beautiful grain pattern, and a warm red to dark colour that many people find stunning.
Redwood decking can offer a strong mix of aesthetics, durability, and workability. It is often considered one of the better softwood choices for a wooden deck because it can handle weather well when given proper care. Redwood is suitable for outdoor use, but it still benefits from sealing and staining to help maintain colour and extend longevity.
One thing to bear in mind is cost. Redwood is usually more expensive than pressure treated pine, and availability can vary depending on location. Still, for many outdoor areas, redwood is considered worth the extra money because it combines beauty with natural resistance.
oak:
Oak is a hardwood that is prized for its strength, classic style, and timeless appearance. Both red and white oak are used in some outdoor project settings, though white oak is generally considered more suitable for outdoor use because of its better resistance to moisture and decay.
Oak decking can create a stunning wooden deck with a traditional look. Its dense form and strong structure give it good durability, and many people choose oak when they want hardwood decking that feels solid and high quality. Oak also has a beautiful grain pattern and can work well in both modern and rustic spaces.
However, oak can be expensive, and it may require more planning during construction and fixing because hardwood is hard and dense. To avoid scratch marks, splitting, and other issues, good quality screws and the right frame design are important. Oak can last for years, but only with proper care, sealing, and regular checks.
teak:
Teak is one of the most famous hardwood decking materials in the world. It is known for excellent durability, high oil content, and outstanding resistance to moisture, insects, rot, and decay. The natural oils in teak help protect the timber from the elements, making it a very durable and long lasting choice for outdoor use.
Teak has a smooth feel, rich golden brown colour, and a very attractive appearance. It is often considered a high end material because it looks beautiful and ages well. Over time, teak can turn slightly silver in the sun if left untreated, but many people like this weathered look.
The main drawback is cost. Teak is expensive, and because these trees are slow growing, sustainability and sourcing matter a great deal. Always look for wood certified or responsibly sourced products from managed forests if you choose teak for your decking project.
ipe:
Ipe is one of the hardest and most durable tropical hardwoods used for decking. It is often described as the best wood for outdoor use when durability is the main priority. Ipe is extremely durable, with high density, high durability, and excellent resistance to insects, rot, decay, moisture, and weather.
Because Ipe is so dense, it has a very long lifespan and can stand up to heavy wear and tear. It is suitable for outdoor areas exposed to rain, snow, strong sun, and large changes in climate. This makes Ipe a strong choice for a complete outdoor project where longevity matters most.
Ipe does have drawbacks. It is expensive, difficult to work with, and often needs pilot holes before screws can be used. Installation can take more time, and the sub frame must be properly designed to handle the weight of the boards. Still, for homeowners who want a stunning, high end wooden deck with excellent durability, Ipe is hard to beat.
Other Hardwood Options
Other hardwood options for decking include Cumaru and Iroko. Like tropical hardwoods such as Ipe and teak, these species offer high durability and a long life. Hardwoods like these are often slow growing, dense, and resistant to insects and decay. They are considered some of the best wood types for people who want low maintenance requirements and a premium finish.
Softwood Decking Materials
Softwood decking is made from fast growing species, usually from coniferous trees such as pine, spruce, fir, cedar, redwood, and larch. Because these trees grow more quickly than hardwood species, softwood is generally more affordable and more widely produced.
Softwood decking boards are commonly used for garden decking because the cost is lower and the boards are easy to cut, install, and replace. Pressure treated pine is the most common example, but cedar, redwood, and larch are also used. Softwood decking can be a good choice for a budget project where appearance, easy building, and value all matter.
The downside is that softwood usually has lower natural resistance than hardwood. While some types of wood such as cedar and redwood are naturally resistant, most softwood boards need to be treated or pressure treated to cope with outdoor use. Softwood also tends to require more staining, sealing, and maintenance over its life.
Hardwood Decking Materials
Hardwood decking comes from slower growing species and is known for strength, density, natural beauty, and longevity. Hardwood options such as oak, teak, and Ipe are often chosen when homeowners want a premium wooden deck that can last for many years.
Hardwood decking usually has better durability than softwood decking. Many hardwood species are naturally resistant to rot, decay, and insects. This means they can require less upkeep in the long term, although some still need special care. Because hardwood is dense and durable, it can be more difficult to cut, fix, and install. The price is also higher, which is why hardwood decking is often seen as a high end choice.
If your budget allows and your priority is longevity, hardwood decking may be the best wood for your outdoor space.
Tropical Hardwoods
Tropical hardwoods include Ipe, teak, Cumaru, and other dense species from Africa, South America, and other parts of the world. Tropical hardwoods are prized for their durability, natural resistance, and rich appearance. They are resistant to moisture, insects, and weather, and they can offer a very long lifespan.
However, tropical hardwoods are often expensive and harder to source. Because many species are slow growing, their environmental impact should be considered. It is essential to choose sourced and certified timber from responsibly managed forests. This helps support sustainability and reduces harm to the environment.
Composite Decking Compared with Wood
Composite decking has become one of the most popular alternatives to timber decking. Composite decking is made from a mix of wood fibres and plastic, though some products use other materials too. Many composites are designed to look wood like, and they come in a wide range of colour, sizes, and finish options.
One of the main reasons homeowners choose composite decking is low maintenance. Composite decking usually needs less staining, less sealing, and less upkeep than wood decking. Many composites only need cleaning with water or soapy water, which makes them one of the best options for busy households.
Composite decking is also resistant to rot, insects, and moisture, so it can work well in damp outdoor areas. Some composite decking boards have a smooth finish, while others have a more natural wood like texture. There are also composites designed with slip resistance in mind, which can help in wet weather.
That said, composite decking is not real wood. It can lack the natural beauty, warmth, and grain pattern of timber. Some composite boards may also get hot in direct sun, and the initial price can be higher than pressure treated wood. Still, for people who want the least maintenance and a neat modern look, composite decking remains a strong solution.
Hardwood
Softwood
How to Choose the Best Wood for Your Decking Project
When you compare wood types, it helps to think about the full project rather than just the boards. The right choice depends on how you plan to use the space, the style of your home and garden, and the level of maintenance you can commit to.
Durability is one of the most important factors in any decking project. Outdoor decking must handle moisture, weather, insects, and daily use. Some wood types are naturally resistant, while others need treatment to protect them.
Pressure treated timber offers good protection at a lower cost. Cedar and redwood have natural resistance thanks to natural oils. Hardwood species such as oak, teak, and Ipe offer high durability and excellent resistance. If your deck will face heavy rain, damp ground, or strong sun, choose materials with proven durability and longevity.
All decking needs some maintenance, but the amount can vary a lot. Softwood decking and pressure treated pine often need regular maintenance such as cleaning, staining, and sealing. Hardwood decking may need less frequent care, but proper care is still essential. Composite decking usually has the lowest maintenance requirements and is often chosen by homeowners looking for low maintenance requirements or the least maintenance possible.
To maintain decking well, remove dirt, leaves, and standing water, clean the surface with soapy water when needed, and inspect the boards, screws, posts, and frame for signs of wear.
Cost is always a key factor. Pressure treated pine is one of the most affordable options. Cedar and redwood sit in the middle range. Oak, teak, and ipe are more expensive, and tropical hardwoods are usually the most expensive of all.
Still, price is not the full story. A cheaper material with high upkeep may cost more over the long term than a durable hardwood or composite decking with fewer maintenance needs. Compare the full life of the product, including installation, treatment, sealing, and possible replacement boards.
The look of decking matters because it can shape the whole outdoor space. Some people want a warm and natural look, while others prefer a dark colour or a smooth modern finish. Cedar and redwood are loved for their natural beauty and rich tones. Oak gives a timeless appearance. Teak and Ipe create a polished, high end finish. Composite decking offers a wide range of colours and wood like styles.
Think about how the colour and grain pattern will fit your home, furniture, fence, and garden. The best wood is not just about strength. It should also enhance the way the space looks and feels.
Sustainability is now an important part of choosing decking materials. Some species are slow growing and can put pressure on forests if not responsibly sourced. This is especially important with tropical hardwoods. Look for timber that is wood certified and sourced from managed forests. This helps reduce environmental impact while still giving you access to quality materials.
The Importance of the Sub Frame
The decking boards may get most of the attention, but the sub frame is just as important. A strong sub frame and frame give the boards the support they need and help the whole construction stay safe and level. If the sub frame is wrong, the deck can move, sag, or suffer early damage.
For many projects, pressure treated timber is used for the sub frame, posts, and sub structure because it is affordable and suitable for outdoor use. In high end projects, some people use aluminium or composite systems, but treated timber remains common.
During planning, make sure the frame is set above the ground where possible, with good drainage and air flow underneath. This helps prevent rot and moisture build up. It also helps the deck stand up better to the elements over time.
Fixing, Screws, and Installation Tips
Good installation is essential for long lasting decking. Use quality screws and fixing systems suited to the type of timber or composites you choose. Hardwood boards such as Ipe or teak may need pre drilling because of their density. Softwood boards are easier to handle, but correct spacing still matters.
A few useful tips include:
• Leave small gaps between boards so water can drain away
• Use suitable screws to prevent staining or corrosion
• Keep the deck level and well supported
• Plan the length and direction of the boards for the best look
• Ensure posts and frame parts are secure before the boards are fitted
These small tricks can help prevent damage, warping, and splitting later on.
Decking and the UK Climate
The climate in the UK can wreak havoc on outdoor timber. Rain, damp air, frost, and changes in temperature all affect wood. Moisture is often the biggest issue, as it can lead to rot, decay, algae, and a slippery surface if decking is not maintained.
For this reason, it is important to choose decking that is suited to local weather. Cedar, redwood, larch, teak, and Ipe all handle outdoor use well. Pressure treated pine is also suitable when cared for properly. Composite decking can be a good option in wet conditions because it does not absorb water in the same way as natural timber.
Where possible, keep the deck clear of leaves, clean it often, and check for early signs of mould, pests, or wear. This helps prevent damage before problems grow.
Common Problems and How to Avoid Them
Even the best wood can go wrong if the deck is not built or maintained properly. Common problems include:
• Rot and decay from trapped moisture
• Warping or splitting from sun and water
• Fading and colour change with age
• Insect infestations, bugs, and pests
• Algae that can make the surface slippery
• Loose boards, screws, or posts
The good news is that proper care can help avoid most of these issues. Good drainage, sealing, staining, and cleaning all help maintain the deck and improve longevity.
Which Wood Is the Right Choice?
If you are still trying to decide, here is a simple guide:
• Choose pressure treated pine if you need an affordable, easy to find, budget friendly option.
• Choose cedar or redwood if you want natural beauty, warm colour, and good durability at a mid range cost.
• Choose oak if you want traditional hardwood decking with strength and timeless style.
• Choose teak or Ipe if you want premium hardwood decking with excellent durability and a long lifespan.
• Choose composite decking if low maintenance, modern appearance, and easy upkeep matter most.
The right choice depends on your budget, your preferred look, and how much time you want to spend on maintenance.
Choosing Wood For Outside Decking
There are many wood types and decking options available today, so it is worth taking time to compare them carefully. The best wood for one project may not be the best wood for another. Pressure treated pine is a good and affordable choice for many homes. Cedar and redwood offer natural beauty and a warm feel. Oak brings strength and classic style. Teak and Ipe are premium hardwood options with outstanding durability. Composite decking offers one of the lowest maintenance choices for modern outdoor living.
When choosing decking, think about durability, maintenance, cost, appearance, sustainability, and the climate where you live. A well built wooden deck with the right boards, frame, and proper care can create a beautiful outdoor space that adds value, comfort, and life to your home for years to come.
Are you looking for garden decking or composite decking near you? If you require garden decking in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire contact us today. Our garden design experts can supply and install beautiful garden decking for you and your family to enjoy for years to come.
